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ENGLISH |
LATIN |
Scientific |
acanthus |
Acanthus mollis |
|
alder |
Alnus glutinosa |
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alfalfa |
Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa |
|
apple |
Malus domestica |
|
arbutus |
Arbutus unedo |
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ash, European ash |
Fraxinus excelsior |
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ash, mountain ash, manna ash |
Fraxinus ornus |
|
aster |
Aster amelllus |
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balm, bee balm, balm mint, cure-all |
Melissa officinalis |
|
barley |
Hordeum vulgare |
|
Laurus nobilis |
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bean, broad bean, fava bean, Windor bean, horse bean, field bean |
Vicia faba |
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bean, yard long |
Vigna ungiculata |
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bear’s breeches |
Acanthus mollis |
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beech |
Fagus sylvatica |
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Belgian endive |
intubum I c |
Cichorium intybus |
black hellebore, Christmas rose |
Helleborus niger |
|
black-eyed pea, cowpea, field pea, yard long bean |
Vigna ungiculata |
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blue daisy, blue sailors |
Cichorium intybus |
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Bournemouth pine, maritime pine |
Pinus pinaster |
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box, boxwood |
Buxus sempervirens |
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bracken |
Pteridium aquilinum |
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brake, brake fern |
Pteridium aquilinum |
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broom, Spanish broom, weaver's broom, dyer's broom |
Spartium junceum |
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butcher’s broom |
Ruscus aculeatus |
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celery |
Apium graveolens |
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centaury |
Centaurium erythraea |
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centre of the sun |
Centaurium erythraea |
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cherry, cornelian |
Cornus mas |
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cherry, sour, wild |
Prunus cerasus |
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chestnut |
Castanea sativa |
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chicory, wild chicory, coffee chicory, common chicory |
Cichorium intybus |
|
Christmas rose |
Helleborus niger |
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cinnamon, Chinese cinammon |
casia I (bark) |
Cinnamomum iners |
citron |
Citrus medica |
|
cleavers |
Galium aparine
|
|
clover, yellow honey clover, yellow sweet clover |
lotus II (herb) |
Melilotus officinalis
|
cobnut |
Corylus avellana |
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coffee chicory, coffee weed |
Cichorium intybus |
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cornelian cherry |
Cornus mas
|
|
crocus, saffron crocus |
Crocus sativus |
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cucumber |
Cucumis sativus |
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cure-all |
Melissa officinalis |
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cypress, Italian cypress |
Cupressus sempervirens |
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darnel |
Lolium temulentum |
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date palm |
Phoenix dactylifera |
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elm, smooth-leafed elm |
Ulmus minor (around Pompeii), Ulnus glabra |
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elm-leaf blackberry |
Rubus ulmifolius |
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emmer wheat |
Triticum turgidum cultivar dicoccum |
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endive, curly endive, frisée |
intubum II |
Cichorium endivia |
etrog |
Citrus medica |
|
fern, brake, eagle, or female |
Pteridium aquilinum |
|
fever wort |
Centaurium erythraea |
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filbert |
Corylus avellana |
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fir, silver fir |
Abies alba |
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flax, linen |
||
frisée |
intubum II |
Cichorium endivia |
garland flower |
casia II (flower) |
Daphne cneorum |
garland flower, rose daphne |
casia II (flower) |
Daphne cneorum |
gilliflower |
viola (white) |
Mathiola incana |
gladiolus, field gladiolus, Italian gladiolus, corn gladiolus |
Gladiolus italicus |
|
goose grass and about 20 more: cleavers, stickywilly, barweed, bedstraw, catchweed, clivers, eriffe, everlasting friendship, goosebill, grip grass, hayriffe, hayruff, hedgeheriff, loveman, mutton chops, robin-run-in-the-Grass, scratweed |
Galium aparine |
|
grape, grapevine |
Vitis vinifera |
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hackberry |
lotus I (tree) |
Celtis australis |
hazelnut |
Corylus avellana |
|
hellebore, black |
Helleborus niger |
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hellebore, white |
also called veraturm (not in Vergil) |
Veratrum album |
holm oak |
Quercus ilex |
|
honeywort |
Cerinthe major |
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ivy |
Hedera helix |
|
juniper |
Juniperus communis |
|
Laurus nobilis |
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lemon balm, bee balm, balm mint, cure-all |
Melissa officinalis |
|
lentils |
Lens culinaris |
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licebane |
||
lily, white lily, Madonna lily |
Lilium candidum |
|
lime or inden, large-leaved |
Tilia platyphyllos |
|
lime or linden, small-leaved |
Tilia cordata Miller |
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lime, lime flower tree, common lime, linden |
Tilia x vulgaris (T. cordata x T. platyphyllos ; T. europaea auct.) |
|
linden |
Tilia x vulgaris (T. cordata x T. platyphyllos ; T. europaea auct.) |
|
lupine |
Lupinus alba |
|
Maltese cross, puncture vine, caltrop, cat's head, devil's-thorn, devil's-weed, goathead |
||
| marsh plants in general | candidates have included:Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Glyceria fluitans, Sagittaria sagittifilia, Spartina maritima, Typha latifolia |
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Michaelmas daisy |
Aster amelllus |
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millet, proso millet, broomcorn millet |
Panicum miliaceum |
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mistletoe |
Viscum album |
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moon trefoil |
Medicago arborea |
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mother of thyme, wild thyme, creeping thyme |
Thymus serpyllum |
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mountain ash, manna ash |
Fraxinus ornus |
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myrtle |
||
narcissus |
Narcissus serotinus |
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narcissus, pheasant's-eye narcissus |
Narcissus poeticus |
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nettle tree |
lotus I (tree) |
Celtis australis |
oak, English oak |
Quercus robur |
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oak, holm or scarlet |
Quercus ilex |
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oak, sessile oak, chestnut oak, durmast oak |
Quercus petraea |
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oatgrass, oatstraw |
avena I |
Avena fatua |
oats |
avena II |
Avena sativa |
olive |
Olea europaea |
|
opium poppy |
Papaver somniferum |
|
osier |
Salix vimialis |
|
palm |
Phoenix dactylifera |
|
pea, black-eyed, cow, or field |
Vigna ungiculata |
|
pear |
Pyrus communis |
|
pine, maritime or Bournemouth |
Pinus pinaster |
|
pine, stone or umbrella |
Pinus pinea |
|
plane tree |
Platanus orientalis |
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plum |
Prunus domestica |
|
poplar, white poplar |
Populus alba |
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poppy, garden poppy, etc. |
Papaver somniferum |
|
Sorbus aucuparia |
||
radicchio |
Cichorium intybus | |
reed, common reed |
Phragmites australis |
|
rose |
Rosa spp. |
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rosemary |
Rosmarinus officinalis |
|
Sorbus aucuparia |
||
savory, summer |
||
savory, winter |
Satureja montana |
|
scarlet oak |
Quercus ilex |
|
| sedge | candidates have included:Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Glyceria fluitans, Sagittaria sagittifilia, Spartina maritima, Typha latifolia
|
|
sedge. graceful sedge, slender tufted sedge |
Carex acuta |
|
shrub trefoil |
Medicago arborea |
|
sour cherry |
Prunus cerasus |
|
spruce, Norway spruce, spruce fir, white spruce |
Picea abies |
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squill, sea squill, white squill, sea onion |
Urginea maritima |
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staveacre |
||
stock |
viola (white) |
Mathiola incana |
strawberry tree |
Arbutus unedo |
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succory |
Cichorium intybus |
|
summer savory |
||
tares |
Lolium temulentum |
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thistle, creeping thistle, field thistle, Canada thistle |
Cirsium arvense |
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thyme |
||
thyme, wild thyme, creeping thyme |
Thymus serpyllum |
|
tree medick |
Medicago arborea |
|
trefoil, moon, shrub |
Medicago arborea |
|
umbrella pine, stone pine |
Pinus pinea |
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|
|
||
vetch, garden vetch |
Vicia sativa |
|
vine, grapevine |
Vitis vinifera |
|
violet, sweet violet |
viola (dark) |
Viola odorata |
walnut |
Juglans regia |
|
waxflower |
Cerinthe major |
|
wheat, emmer |
Triticum turgidum cultivar dicoccum |
|
wheat, hard wheat, winter wheat, durum wheat, pasta flour |
Triticum turgidum L. cultivar durum |
|
wild cherry |
Prunus cerasus |
|
wild oats |
avena I |
Avena fatua |
wild olive |
Olea europaea var. oleaster (Hoffmans. & Link) Fiori |
|
willow, white willow |
Salix alba |
|
winter savory |
Satureja montana |
|
wolfsbane |
Aconitum vulparia |
|
yellow honey clover, yellow sweet clover |
lotus II (herb) |
Melilotus officinalis |
yew |
Taxus baccata |
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